Background and Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency has been considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of ASCVD in Chinese, especially in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods and Study Design: Based on the “REACTION” study conducted in 2011, some 9,014 Lanzhou residents aged 40-75 years were followed from 2014 to 2016. A total of 7,061 with complete data were analyzed. Baseline population was classified into four groups based on 25(OH)D quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate relations between 25(OH)D concentration and ASCVD. Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D <20 ng/mL] was 75.1%. Followed-up for 3.3 years, those with the lowest of 25(OH)D concentration had higher rates of ASCVD (HR: 1.748, 95% CI: 1.149-2.660, p<0.01). A 10 ng/mL increase in baseline serum 25(OH)D was accompanied by a 24 % decrease in ASCVD risk (HR: 0.760, 95% CI: 0.590-0.980, p<0.05). For 25(OH)D and ASCVD risk with glycaemic status, low 25(OH)D plus T2DM was highly associated with ASCVD (HR: 2.296, 95% CI: 1.246-4.232, p<0.01). With diabetes, ASCVD risk decreased by 36% when serum 25(OH)D increased by 10 ng/mL (HR: 0.644, 95% CI: 0.440-0.941, p<0.05). Conclusions: Serum 25(OH)D is independently and inversely associated with the risk of ASCVD in Lanzhou Chinese, especially those with T2DM. Maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D may be an effective measure in ASCVD prevention.
Background and Objectives: Maternal diet during pregnancy may impact infant respiratory morbidity. The aim was to determine the association between antenatal maternal diet and respiratory morbidity of their infants during their first 6 months of life. Methods and Study Design: This prospective cohort study included healthy mother-infant pairs. Maternal diet during the last trimester was determined with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Infant respiratory morbidity was solicited at 1, 3 and 6 months. Results: Three hundred mother-baby pairs were recruited. Maternal consumption of milk and dairy products was associated with reduced respiratory symptoms at 1 month (aOR 0.29 [95% CI: 0.10, 0.86], p=0.03) and 3 months old (aOR 0.43 [95% CI: 0.20, 0.93], p=0.03), while intake of confectionery items was associated with increased unscheduled doctor visits at 3 months (aOR 2.01 [95% CI 1.33, 3.06], p=0.001) and increased nebuliser treatment at both 3 months (aOR 1.88 [95% CI 1.12, 3.17], p=0.02) and 6 months (aOR 1.64 [95% CI 1.05, 2.54], p=0.03). Finally, at 6 months, hypertensive disorders during pregnancy was associated with increased nebuliser treatment (aOR 17.3 [95% CI 1.50, 199], p=0.02) while exclusive breastfeeding was associated with reduced incidence of respiratory symptoms (OR 0.47 [95% CI 0.26, 0.83], p=0.01). Conclusions: Increased antenatal maternal consumption of milk and dairy products may reduce respiratory morbidity while increased consumption of confectionery items may increase respiratory morbidity in their infants during the first 6 months of life.
Background and Objectives: An adequate iodine status during pregnancy is very important for maternal and infant health. The aim of this study was to characterize the iodine nutritional status of healthy pregnant women in Chengdu by measuring urinary iodine (UI) and analyzing dietary iodine intake. Methods and Study Design: Pregnant women who underwent regular antenatal examinations were invited to participate in this study. Each woman underwent UI determination and urinary creatinine (Cr) measurement and recorded the details of her diet and salt intake at the beginning and end of one week. Results: In total, 139 healthy pregnant women underwent UI determination in this study; among them, 116 participants completed the diet survey. The median urine iodine/creatinine (UI/Cr) of the 139 patients was 216 µg/g, and the median dietary iodine level of 104 patients who completed the 7-day dietary record was 230 µg/d. The dietary iodine sources of the pregnant women were mainly seafood (11%), iodized salt (51%), iodized multivitamins (17%) and daily food (21%). Conclusions: We concluded that healthy pregnant women in Chengdu showed appropriate iodine nutritional status. The 7-day dietary record can be a nice way to evaluate dietary iodine nutritional status, and there is a strong correlation between dietary iodine intake and UI concentration.
Background and Objectives: Although large-scale natural disasters and the resultant changes in living environments worsen dietary habits among adults immediately after the disasters, whether this association remains for a long period is unclear. This is particularly important for recent mothers because lactating women require additional nutrition for milk production. Thus, we investigated the association of living environments with dietary habits and nutritional intake of recent mothers between four and seven years after the Great East Japan Earthquake (11th March, 2011). Methods and Study Design: We analyzed 8,551 mothers who participated to the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. Living environments were characterized into four categories: “same home before the earthquake”, “rental housing”, “reconstructed home”, and “acquaintance’s home”. Dietary habits and nutritional intake were evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire answered 12 months after their deliveries (the questionnaire was answered between March 2015 and July 2018). Results: Multiple linear regression analyses demonstrated that mothers in ‘rental housing’ or ‘reconstructed home’ had a significantly lower intake of almost all nutrients or certain nutrients, respectively, compared with those residing in ‘same home before the earthquake’. However, fewer significant differences were detected between the nutritional intake of the mothers lodging in an ‘acquaintance’s home’ and that of those living in ‘same home before the earthquake’. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that living environments long-term after large-scale disasters are associated with dietary habits and nutritional intake among recent mothers.
Supplementary files https://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/30/4/651_Supp.pdf
Background and Objectives: Globally, there is a high prevalence of postpartum depression (17.7%) reported in a recent study among mothers during the postpartum period. It contributes to poor health and well-being among newly delivered women. We reviewed the published effect of nutrition and physical activity interventions on improving and treating postpartum depression. Methods and Study Design: The scoping review was performed using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. The systematic search was conducted using Scopus, Pubmed, EBSCOHost and Google Scholar in April 2020, updated in March 2021. Only literature published between January 2010 until February 2021 was searched. Results: A total of 25 articles were included, of which 23 were randomised controlled trials , and 2 were quasi-experimental studies. Some of studies found improvements in depression (76% out of all studies). On this basis, nutrition or physical activity intervention probably improves postpartum depression. Moreover, the integration of nutrition and physical activity appears to improve depression in the more thorough follow-up of participants . Active involvement of the participant in the interventions was contributory to effectiveness. Conclusions: Nutrition and physical activity interventions with appropriate strategy and delivery are promising options for the management of postpartum maternal mental health. More definitive investigation of non-pharmacological interventions to ameliorate depression among postpartum women is warranted.
Background and Objectives: Child undernutrition remains an area of public health concern across the globe, particularly in developing countries like India. Previous studies have focused on the association of maternal nutrition with premature pregnancy and birthweight of child, with few establishing the intergenerational effect but limited to select populations and geography. Methods and Study Design: This study used data from 35,452 children aged under 5 years and their biological mother from nationally representative Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) in India. The outcome variables were anthropometric indices: height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age. The exposure variables were maternal height and body mass index (BMI). Multivariate regression analysis was used to examine the association between maternal height and BMI with child undernutrition. Results: Out of total number of mothers, 11.1% were short in stature and 28% were underweight. Of total number of children, 33.9%, 17.3% and 32.7% were stunted, wasted, and underweight respectively. Children born to mother with short stature were more likely to be stunted (OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.59–1.89), wasted (OR=1.26, 95% CI 1.12–1.41) and underweight (OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.50–1.79). Similarly, children with underweight mother were more likely to be stunted (OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.53–1.73), wasted (OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.52–1.77) and underweight (OR=2.14, 95% CI 2.01–2.27). Conclusions: The study shows a strong association between maternal and child undernutrition demonstrating intergenerational linkage between the two. The national programme needs to focus on holistic and comprehensive nutrition strategy with targeted interventions to improve both maternal and child health.
Supplementary files
https://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/30/4/675_Supp.pdf
Background and Objectives: To investigate the vitamin A, D, E concentrations and status, and analyse the associated risk factors for vitamin A, D, E deficiency in children in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. Methods and Study Design: The study included a total of 25,806 children admitted to hospitals in Shaanxi province from January 2019 to December 2019. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure serum vitamin A, D, E concentrations. A logistic regression model was performed to estimate the association between risk factors and vitamin A, D, E deficiency and insufficiency. Results: The mean serum vitamin A, D, E concentrations were 0.87±0.33 mmol/L, 63.7±29.7 nmol/L and 20.8±6.98 mmol/L, respectively. The prevalence of vitamin A, D, E deficiency was high in neonates (15.1%, 81.5% and 44.9%, respectively). Children living in rural areas were at higher risk for vitamin A, D, E deficiency and insufficiency. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the risk of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children was 7.68 times (95% CI: 6.97-8.47) higher in winter than in summer. With adjustment for gender, season, and living regions, age correlated positively with serum vitamin A concentration (r=0.110, p<0.001), and negatively with vitamin D and E concentrations (r=-0.370 and r=-0.250 both p<0.001). Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence of vitamin A, D and E deficiency was extremely high in neonates in Shaanxi province, northwest China. Children living in rural areas and winter had a high risk of vitamin A, D, E deficiency and insufficiency.
Background and Objectives: The study objective was to assess if Dietary diversity score (DDS) based on counting 10 food groups consumed can be used as an indicator of adequacy of micronutrient intake in Filipino children and adolescents. Methods and Study Design: Dietary data of 7448 Filipinos age 3 to 18 years old included in the National Nutrition Survey in 2013 were used to assess the adequacy of intake of iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin. Nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for each micronutrient was computed and these were used to calculate the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) for each individual. Linear association for MAR and the different scores of DDS was verified using Pearson’s correlation. Sensitivity and specificity were analyzed through the receiver operating characteristics curve to determine the DDS cut-off point that can be used to ascertain adequacy of micronutrient intake. Results: The mean DDS is 6 and the mean MAR is 0.69. There was significant positive correlation between MARs and NARs (p<0.0001), as well as between MAR and DDS (r=0.29; p<0.0001). A DDS of 6 showed the highest sensitivity (74.2%) and specificity (44.6%) for achieving MAR of 0.5, while a DDS of 7 had the highest sensitivity (54.9%) and specificity (67.6%) in achieving MAR of 0.75. Conclusions: DDS is significantly correlated with micronutrient intake and a score of 6 or 7 can be used as a cutoff in screening for those with possible dietary micronutrient inadequacy in Filipino children and adolescents.
Background and Objectives: The differences of dietary iron and zinc intakes between patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and controls remain controversial. The meta-analysis aimed to explore the differences of dietary iron and zinc intakes between NAFLD patients and healthy subjects. Methods and Study Design: A systematic literature search was performed up to July 2021 in databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang. Using a random-effects model, the differences of dietary iron and zinc intakes between cases and controls were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 21 studies from 19 articles with 6639 cases were included. Results: The pooled estimate showed no difference in dietary iron consumption in the NAFLD groups compared with control groups. The difference became significant in Asia (SMD=0.16; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.28; I2=89.1%; pheterogeneity<0.001) as well as in cross-sectional studies (SMD=0.12; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.17; I2=4.7%; pheterogeneity=0.350). The difference in dietary zinc intake between cases and controls was not significant. We noticed a statistically significant increase of dietary zinc intake in NAFLD compared to controls in studies using food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to evaluate dietary intake (SMD=0.15; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.20; I2=12.2%; pheterogeneity=0.332). Conclusions: Our findings indicated that dietary iron intake in patients with NAFLD was higher than healthy subjects in Asia.
Background and Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major global public health problem. Vitamin C (VC) can improve metabolic dysfunctions associated with T2DM. To establish an association between T2DM and VC metabolism, it is necessary to investigate the biological mechanisms of T2DM and VC. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the underlying pathways and co-expression networks in T2DM and VC using bioinformatics analysis. Methods and Study Design: Data on 15 microarrays about T2DM were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed for genes using the GEO2R online tool. VC–metabolism associated genes were obtained from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) about T2DM and VC metabolism were identified using the jvenn online software. GO annotation and KEGG pathways for DEGs were enriched using DAVID. STRING and Cytoscape were used to construct PPI network and to predict the interaction relationships between T2DM-associated and VC–metabolism associated DEGs. Results: We identified 160 DEGs about T2DM and VC from the GEO and CTD. GO, KEGG and PPI network analysis suggested that DEGs might participate in crucial biological processes and pathways, such as negative regulation of apoptotic process, removal of superoxide radicals, and PERK-mediated unfolded protein response, insulin resistance, the TNF signaling pathway, and the FoxO signaling pathway. Conclusions: These findings could significantly improve the understanding of the mechanisms underlying impact of VC on T2DM. However, further research is needed to validate our findings.
Background and Objectives: To compare the differences in musculoskeletal health with vitamin D alone in comparison with vitamin D with physical activity (PA) among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods and Study Design: An open labeled, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at two tertiary care centers in Pakistan. Patients with CKD stage 2–4 and vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) were recruited in the trial. Both the arms were given oral vitamin D (cholecalciferol) drops (4000 IU) once daily for three months. One arm received only vitamin D (VD arm), while the second arm received vitamin D along with PA (VDPA arm). Results: Of the 1,235 CKD stage 2-4 subjects contacted, forty-six subjects were enrolled. Eighteen were assigned to VD arm and twenty-eight were assigned to VDPA arm. Between groups comparison shows that bicep strength increases from 15 to 17 kg. Likewise, back flexibility and aerobic fitness also increased among those who receive vitamin D and physical activity, however these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Sensitivity analysis within group comparison shows rise of bicep strength from 13.8 kg to 15.2 kg in the VD alone arm (p=0.05); however, in the VDPA arm, there is a greater difference of 14.3 kg to 17.2 kg (p<0.001). Conclusions: Targeted PA among CKD patients has potential to improve bicep strength and back flexibility. However, as the sample size was small, further studies would be required to suggest whether a PA should be included as part of the treatment regimen.
Background and Objectives: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk for malnutrition. This study aimed to 1) Investigate the prevalence of malnutrition among CKD patients undergoing maintenance HD; 2) Assess level of knowledge and appetite among patients; 3) Identify potential predictors of malnutrition. Methods and Study Design: This cross-sectional study included 71 CKD patients on HD who were recruited from two principal outpatient dialysis centers located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire which included sociodemographic and health characteristics, nutritional status (assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment [PG-SGA]), biochemical data, nutritional knowledge, and appetite status (assessed using Council of Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire [CNAQ]). Results: Forty-four percent of patients included in this study were malnourished, and over half of the patients had limited nutritional knowledge and appetite. Hemoglobin level and the CNAQ score were found to be independently negatively associated with the PG-SGA score (B: -1.03 [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.99, -0.08] and B: -0.37 [95% CI: -0.64, -0.11], respectively). Conclusions: Renal healthcare professionals should assess the nutritional status of HD patients and identify barriers to adequate nutrition. Patients with poor appetite should specifically be targeted for nutrition-focused evaluation and management.
Background and Objectives: Dietary supplementation for haemodialyzed (HD) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its benefits for the anthropometric profiles remain contentious. This study analysed changes in the albumin levels and anthropometric profiles of HD patients within 3 months of nutritional therapy. Methods and Study Design: Sixty-three malnourished HD patients (Subjective Global Assessment nutrition status B or C) were enrolled. Twenty patients received counselling, 17 patients received oral therapy, 26 patients received intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN), and were evaluated at month 0, month 1, and month 3. Five patients withdrew before completing the trial. The patients’ albumin levels and anthropometric profiles (biceps and triceps skinfold thickness, upper arm circumference, body weight, and body mass index) were analysed before and after treatment. We performed multivariate analysis to determine the effect of each treatment on serum albumin and anthropometric profiles. Results: At months 1 and 3, nutritional therapy was associated with different mean serum albumin level among three nutritional intervention groups (p<0.05). Significant increases in serum albumin, upper arm circumference, and triceps and biceps skinfold thickness were identified in the counselling and IDPN groups. Multivariate linear regression revealed significant differences between oral and nonoral groups in albumin and biceps and triceps skinfold thickness at months 1 and 3. These variables were affected by age and duration of haemodialysis (p<0.05). Conclusions: Nutritional therapy for malnourished CKD patients receiving HD ameliorated serum albumin and their anthropometric profiles within 3 months.
Background and Objectives: The number of older adults is increasing rapidly in Vietnam. They suffer from various health problems, including malnutrition and dysphagia. By using a simple screening questionnaire such as the Mini Nutritional Assessment - Short Form (MNA-SF) and 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), nutritional and dysphagic status were screened in this study. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of and relationship between malnutrition and dysphagia in Vietnamese older adult inpatients. Methods and Study Design: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study and conducted in three large hospitals in northern Vietnam. The data about nutritional status and dysphagia status of 1007 older inpatients were collected by dietitians. Results: There were 71.6% of subjects at malnourished (MNA-SF score <8) and risk of malnutrition (MNA-SF score: 8–11). The prevalence of dysphagia by EAT-10 was 24.6%. The risk of dysphagia was independently associated with higher risk of malnutrition, with an odds ratio of 3.21 (95% CI: 1.93-5.31, p<0.001). In addition, malnutrition was also an independent predictor for risk of dysphagia, with an odds ratio of 3.09 (95% CI: 1.84-5.17, p<0.001). Conclusions: Malnutrition and dysphagia prevalence were high; and malnutrition and dysphagia have a strong relationship among older adult inpatients in Vietnam. Therefore, nutritional and dysphagia screening at hospital admission are very important and recommended.
Background and Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the acute effect of switching low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) to high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on glycemic parameters in healthy women. Methods and Study Design: Twenty-two women (age 21.7±4.0 years; HbA1c 5.3±0.3 %, mean±SD) wore flash glucose monitoring system and consumed test meals for 3 days from Day 4 to 6. Participants consumed identical HCD meals except LCD dinner on Day 5. The energy ratio of carbohydrate, fat, and protein were 64%, 21%, and 15% for HCD and 47%, 35%, and 18% for Day 5 with LCD dinner (19%, 59%, and 22%). Results: The incremental glucose peak (IGP, both p<0.001) and incremental area under the curve for glucose (IAUC, both p<0.001) 3h of LCD dinner were all significantly lower than those of HCD dinner on Day 4 and 6. However, after consuming LCD dinner on Day 5, IGP breakfast (2.33±0.15 vs 1.71±0.15 mmo/L, p<0.01), IGP lunch (3.31±0.25 vs 2.54±0.18 mol/L, p<0.01), IAUC 3h of breakfast (210±18 vs 136±14 mmol/L×min, p<0.001), mean blood glucose (5.72±0.11 vs 5.40±0.11 mmol/L, p<0.01), and standard deviation (1.11±0.06 vs 0.88±0.04 mmol/L, p<0.01) on Day 6 were all significantly higher than those of corresponding meals before LCD dinner on Day 4, in spite of consuming all identical HCD meals. The glycemic parameters returned to the levels before consuming LCD on Day 7. Conclusions: Consuming LCD only once is enough to cause 24-h higher postprandial blood glucose concentration in subsequent consumption of HCD in healthy women.
Background and Objectives: Micronutrient deficiencies are common among bariatric patients; this study aimed to determine whether a cognitive dissonance-based virtual program improved adherence to multivitamin use in bariatric patients from northern Mexico. Methods and Study Design: A randomized controlled trial of the supplementation strategy was conducted over three months. The participants were randomized to an intervention or waitlisted control group and received two psycho-educative and four cognitive dissonance virtual sessions. Multiple linear regression was used to determine standardized estimates of associations between the intervention and dependent variables. Two path analyses were evaluated considering baseline and post-test measurements. Results: Intervention was associated with higher concentrations of Hb (β=0.758, p<0.001), vitamin D (β=0.577, p<0.001), iron (β=0.523, p<0.001), folate (β=0.494, p<0.01), calcium (β=0.452, p<0.01), higher adherence (β=0.467, p<0.001), and level of knowledge (β=0.298, p<0.05. Conclusions: The dissonance-based intervention potentiated the level of supplementation adherence. A higher level of adherence was reflected in micronutrient concentrations, thus providing confirmation of intervention. Thus, support is found for a multidisciplinary clinical practice that enhances nutrition status after bariatric surgery for obesity.
Background and Objectives: Animal experiments showed that resistant starch (RS) had an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. However, clinical studies showed both insignificant and significant effects of RS on inflammation and oxidative stress. The purpose of this work is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate these effects. Methods and Study Design: A systematic literature search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane electronic databases, which included studies from the earliest date of the database to September 2021. Key inclusion criteria were: RCTs; reporting at least one inflammatory or oxidative stress biomarker as endpoint; more than seven day intervention. Key exclusion criteria were: using a mixture of RS and other functional food ingredients as intervention substance; inappropriate controls. Results: A total of 16 RCTs including 706 subjects were included. RS supplementation significantly improved total antioxidant capacity [standard mean difference (SMD) (95% CI): 2.64 (0.34, 4.94), p=0.03], and significantly reduced blood malondialdehyde concentration [SMD (95% CI): -0.55 (-0.94, -0.17), p=0.01]. RS supplementation significantly reduced blood C-reactive protein concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients [SMD (95% CI): -0.35 (-0.65, -0.05), p=0.02]. RS consumption significantly reduced blood interlukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor- concentration if removing one distinct trial. Conclusions: RS supplementation may significantly reduce a few oxidative-stress and inflammation biomarkers such as malondialdehyde and C-reactive protein, particularly in T2DM patients. Future work should investigate the optimal dosage of RS supplementation for modulating oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers related to T2DM.
Background and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of individualised dietary guidance and anti-resistance exercise intervention on blood pressure and metabolic indexes of perimenopausal women. Methods and Study Design: Between June 2018 to August 2018, 78 perimenopausal women were recruited at the Gynaecological Outpatient Department of Beijing Pinggu District Hospital. After coding, they were randomly divided into three groups, A, B and C, by lottery. Group A was required to participate in educational seminars. Group B was required to participate in educational seminars and received individualised dietary guidance from professional nutritionists. Group C had the same intensive education classes and individualised dietary guidance as Group B, along with intensive resistance exercise. The difference in the various observation indexes was reviewed after three months of intervention. Results: The number of patients with abnormal metabolic indexes in the diet and comprehensive groups decreased significantly after intervention, compared with the statistics before intervention. The number of patients with a waist circumference ≥80 cm in the diet and comprehensive groups decreased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.976, p=0.014; χ2=4.433, p=0.035). Before and after observation, the control and diet groups had a higher incidence of HDL <1.29 mmol/L than the comprehensive group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). After intervention, TGs in the comprehensive group were significantly lower than the control group (≥1.7 mmol/L), and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: Individualised dietary intervention combined with anti-resistance exercise can significantly improve eating and exercise habits, correct metabolic disorders and reduce the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.