Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
       Volume 17, 2
         (June 2008)


Abstracts

Contents	Abstract	摘要
Review Articles   HPV-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis: rationale for adjuvant fatty acid therapy LOUISE LOUW AND ANDRÉ CLAASSEN Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):187-193.	html	html
Original Research Communications   Macro-Micro and Phyto-nutrients Vitamins, minerals and race performance in ultra-endurance runners-Deutschlandlauf 2006 BEAT KNECHTLE, PATRIZIA KNECHTLE, INGO SCHULZE AND GÖTZ KOHLER Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):194-198.	html	html
Nutritional Status, Dietary Intakes, and Body Composition   Nutritional status of adults participating in ambulatory rehabilitation SUPREET KAUR, MICHELLE D MILLER, JULIE HALBERT, LYNNE C GILES AND MARIA CROTTY Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):199-207.	html	html
Effects of social determinants on food choice and skipping meals among Turkish adolescents MERAL TURK SOYER, ISIL ERGIN AND SAFAK TANER GURSOY Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):208-215.	html	html
Diet and obesity among Chamorro and Filipino adults on Guam RACHAEL T LEON GUERRERO, YVETTE C PAULINO, RACHEL NOVOTNY AND SUZANNE P MURPHY Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):216-222.	html	html
Comparisons between anthropometric indices for predicting the metabolic syndrome in Japanese MASAYUKI KATO, YOSHIHIKO TAKAHASHI, MANAMI INOUE, SHOICHIRO TSUGANE, TAKASHI KADOWAKI AND MITSUHIKO NODA, FOR JPHC STUDY GROUP Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):223-228.	html	html
How useful is waist circumference for assessment of abdominal obesity in Korean pre-menopausal women during weight loss? MI-JA HWANG, WON-SUK CHUNG, DYMPNA GALLAGHER, DEOG-YOON KIM, HYUN-DAE SHIN AND MI-YEON SONG Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):229-234.	html	html
Energy expenditure and energy intake in 10-12 years obese and non-obese Chinese children in a Guangzhou boarding school CAI-XIA ZHANG, YU-MING CHEN, WEI-QING CHEN, XUE-QING DENG AND ZHUO-QIN JIANG Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):235-242.	html	html
Growth and Child Nutrition   Partial breastfeeding protects Bedouin infants from infection and morbidity: prospective cohort study NATALYA BILENKO, ROHINI GHOSH, AMALIA LEVY, RICHARD J DECKELBAUM AND DRORA FRASER Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):243-249.	html	html
A comparative intervention trial on fish sauce fortified with NaFe-EDTA and FeSO4+citrate in iron deficiency anemic school children in Kampot, Cambodia PHILIPPE LONGFILS, DIDIER MONCHY, HEIKE WEINHEIMER, VISITH CHAVASIT, YUKIKO NAKANISHI AND KLAUS SCHÜMANN Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):250-257.	html	html
The effects of docosahexaenoic acid-rich fish oil on behavior, school attendance rate and malaria infection in school children – a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Lampung,Indonesia KEI HAMAZAKI, DIN SYAFRUDDIN, INSAN S TUNRU, MARINA F AZWIR, PUJI BS ASIH, SHIGEKI SAWAZAKI AND TOMOHITO HAMAZAKI Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):258-263.	html	html
Effect of iron fortification of nursery complementary food on iron status of infants in the DPRKorea HUIYONG RIM, SUHUAN KIM, BYONGCHEL SIM, HAEYONG GANG, HOYONG KIM, YONGRAN KIM, RAKCHEL KIM, MUNHUI YANG AND SANGPIL KIM Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):264-269.	html	html
Maternal and Women’s Nutrition   Nutrient intake risk factors of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women JEONGSEON KIM, SUN-YOUNG LIM AND JOO-HAK KIM Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):270-275.	html	html
Serum zinc levels amongst pregnant women in a rural block of Haryana State, India PRIYALI PATHAK, UMESH KAPIL, SADA NAND DWIVEDI AND RAJVIR SINGH Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):276-279.	html	html
Aging and Elder Nutrition   Dietary supplementation by older adults in Japan FUMI HIRAYAMA, ANDY H LEE, COLIN W BINNS, FUMIKO WATANABE AND TOMOYA OGAWA Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):280-284.	html	html
Prevalence of malnutrition in free living elderly people in Iran: a cross-sectional study MALIHEH ALIABADI, MASOOD KIMIAGAR, MAJID GHAYOUR-MOBARHAN, MOHAMMAD TAGHI SHAKER, MOHSEN NEMATY, ALI AKBAR ILATY, AJMAD-REZA MOOSAVI AND SUE LANHAM-NEW Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):285-289.	html	html
The relevance of the Heart Foundation of Australia’s dietary recommendations for adult Australians: a comparison of views of general practitioners, cardiologists and dietitians SYLVIA POMEROY AND A WORSLEY Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):290-296.	html	html
Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health   Assessing physical activity in an Asian country: Low energy expenditure and exercise frequency among adults in Taiwan JACKSON PUI MAN WAI, CHI PANG WEN, HUI TING CHAN, PO HUANG CHIANG, MIN KUANG TSAI, SHAN POU TSAI AND HSING-YI CHANG Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):297-308.	html	html
A participatory assessment of dietary patterns and food behavior in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia ALLISON CORSI, LOIS ENGLBERGER, RAFAEL FLORES, ADELINO LORENS AND MAUREEN H FITZGERALD Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):309-316.	html	html
The extent and nature of “health messages” in magazine food advertising in Australia SANDRA C. JONES, KELLY L ANDREW, LINDA TAPSELL, PETER WILLIAMS AND DANIELLE MCVIE Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):317-324.	html	html
Nutritionally-Related Disorders and Diseases and Their Risk Factors   Association between C677T/MTHFR genotype and Homocysteine Concentration in a Kazakh Population AINUR AKILZHANOVA, NOBORU TAKAMURA, YOSUKE KUSANO, LUDMILA KARAZHANOVA, SHUNICHI YAMASHITA, HIROSHI SAITO AND KIYOSHI AOYAGI Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):325-329.	html	html
High plasma homocysteine is associated with the risk of coronary artery disease independent of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677CàT genotypes PING-TING LIN, MEN-CHUNG HUANG, BOR-JEN LEE, CHIEN-HSIUNG CHENG, TSUNG-PO TSAI AND YI-CHIA HUANG Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):330-338.	html	html
Body mass index (BMI) as a major factor in the incidence of the metabolic syndrome and its constituents in unaffected Taiwanese from 1998 to 2002 FENG-YU YANG, MARK L WAHLQVIST AND MEEI-SHYUAN LEE Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):339-351.	html	html
Nutrition and Infection   HPV-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis: dietary fatty acid and micronutrient intakes LOUISE LOUW AND CORINA WALSH Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):352-357.	html	html
Erratum Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):358.	PDF	PDF
Future Events Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):359.	PDF	PDF

 

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HPV-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis: rationale for adjuvant fatty acid therapy

LOUISE LOUW AND ANDRÉ CLAASSEN

The course of human papilloma virus (HPV)-induced recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (RLP) is variable and unpredictable.  Some patients experience spontaneous remission, while others suffer from aggressive growth with dire consequences.  Unfortunately, HPV DNA can persist in mucosa after treatment and can be reactivated under immunosuppressive conditions. For this reason, these benign tumors are notoriously recurrent.  Better understanding of lipid-driven signaling pathways during tumorigenesis and immune responses in RLP patients can contribute to improve therapeutic approaches in an attempt to obviate this disease.  Based on a mountain of evidence in the literature that concerns the immunomodulatory potential of certain FAs, it is clear that there is a rationale for adjuvant FA therapy (concurrent application) in the management of RLP.  Of particular importance for immune surveillance is that the Th1 pathway in RLP is down-regulated and it is advocated that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have the ability to restore the Th1/Th2 balance.  Therefore, it is proposed that adjuvant FA therapy with CLA and EPA must be included in the therapeutical regime of RLP, since they are considered excellent anti-viral and anti-tumor agents to improve immune conditions and disease outcome.  Immunocompetence plays a pivotal role in the clinical course of RLP and, hence, a new direction with adjuvant FA therapy may be the key to prevent recurrence of this disease.

Key Words: Benign tumors, laryngeal papillomatosis, therapeutic rationale, adjuvant fatty acid therapy, nutritional immunomodulation

 

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人類乳突病毒誘導復發喉頭乳瘤：脂肪酸輔助治療之理論基礎

人類乳突病毒誘導復發喉頭乳瘤(RLP)的發生是多變的且不可預料的。有些病人的症狀會自動減輕，但有些病人則長出大瘤導致嚴重後果。不幸地，接受治療後，人類乳突病毒之DNA仍可持留在黏膜中且在免疫抑制的情況下，還會被活化。因此這些良性瘤會猖狂地不斷復發。了解RLP病人在致瘤過程和免疫反應中的脂質訊號路徑有助於改進此疾病的治療方法。既然脂肪酸的免疫調節功能已有佐證如山的文獻證據，顯然應用在RLP病人也是有合理的根據。在RLP中，Th1路徑被向下調節，而共軛亞麻油酸(CLA)和二十碳五烯酸(EPA)被認為能夠恢復Th1/Th2的平衡。自從它們被認為是傑出的抗病毒和抗腫瘤劑而能改善免疫情況和疾病結果後，含有CLA和EPA的脂肪酸輔助治療就被提議包含在RLP的療程內。臨床上RLP病人的免疫能力扮演著一個重要的角色，因此以脂肪酸輔助治療的新方向可能成為預防疾病復發的重要關鍵。

關鍵字：良性瘤、喉頭乳瘤、治療理論基礎、脂肪酸輔助治療、營養免疫調控

 

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Vitamins, minerals and race performance in ultra-endurance runners-Deutschlandlauf 2006

BEAT KNECHTLE, PATRIZIA KNECHTLE, INGO SCHULZE AND GÖTZ KOHLER

We investigated the effect of pre-race intake of vitamins and minerals, in the form of supplementation, before a multi-stage ultra-endurance run and their effect on race performance. At the Deutschlandlauf 2006 in Germany, where athletes had to run across Germany from the north (Kap Arkona - Rügen) to the south (Lörrach) over 1,200 km within 17 consecutive stages, twenty male ultra runners (46.2 ± 9.6 years, 71.8 ± 5.2 kg, 179 ± 6 cm, BMI 22.5 ± 1.9 kg/m2) completed a questionnaire about their intake of vitamin and mineral supplements in the four weeks before the race. Race performance of athletes with- and athletes without regular intake of these supplements were compared. In the four weeks before the run, nine runners (45%) ingested vitamin- and twelve athletes (60%) mineral supplements. Athletes with an intake of vitamins (152.8 ± 14.1 h versus 160.6 ± 14.6 h, p > 0.05) and minerals (151.6 ± 14.5 h versus 165.3 ± 10.8 h, p > 0.05) finished the race no faster than athletes without an intake of vitamins and minerals. We concluded that in the Deutschlandlauf 2006 of over 1,200 km within 17 consecutive stages, athletes with a regular intake of vitamin and mineral supplements in the four weeks before the race finished the competition no faster than athletes without an intake of vitamins and minerals.

Key Words: ultra running - supplementation - nutrition - ergogenic aids - exercise

 

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 極限跑者維生素及礦物質攝取及競賽表現–Deutschlandlauf 2006

本研究想探討在一個多階段極限耐力賽跑前，以補充劑的形式攝取維生素和礦物質的效果和這樣的補充對於競賽上的影響。參加德國Deutschlandlauf 2006的運動員都需要從德國北方(Kap Arkona - Rügen)橫跨到南方(Lörrach)，進行超過1200公里，17個連續階段的賽跑。共20位男性跑者(46.2 ± 9.6歲, 71.8 ± 5.2公斤, 179 ± 6公分, BMI=22.5 ± 1.9 kg/m2)完成關於比賽前四週攝取維生素和礦物質補充劑的問卷。比較有規律攝取補充劑和沒有攝取補充劑的運動員之競賽表現。賽跑前四週有9位(45%)補充維生素和有12位(60%)補充礦物質。不管是攝取維生素或礦物質補充劑的運動員完成比賽並沒有比未補充的運動員來得快。所以結論是對於Deutschlandlauf 2006超過1200公里且17個連續階段的競賽而言，比賽前四週有規律攝取維生素和礦物質補充劑的運動員，完成比賽的速度並沒有快過於未補充的運動員。

關鍵字：極限賽跑、補充、營養、增進機能的輔助、運動

 

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Nutritional status of adults participating in ambulatory rehabilitation

SUPREET KAUR, MICHELLE D MILLER, JULIE HALBERT, LYNNE C GILES AND MARIA CROTTY

Aims: To assess the overall nutritional status of older adults participating in ambulatory rehabilitation and determine its association with relevant outcomes including physical function and quality of life. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Ambulatory rehabilitation service in the Southern region of Adelaide, Australia. Subjects: A total of 229 participants recruited as part of a RCT between June 2005 and June 2006, stroke (n=83), elective orthopedic procedure (n=44) and other medical condition (n=102). Methods: Nutritional status was measured using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Simplified Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) and Body Mass Index. Functional performance was assessed using the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and quality of life was measured using the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Results: Sixty-three percent of participants were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition according to the MNA and a third had a risk of ≥ 5% weight loss in the subsequent six months, according to the SNAQ. Participants with a diagnosis other than stroke or elective orthopedic procedure were the most vulnerable, with 53% (n=74/140) classified as at risk of malnutrition or malnourished and a longer length of stay in hospital. Functional performance was no different for participants assessed as at risk of malnutrition or malnourished compared to the well nourished, but the SF-36 mental component score was significantly higher for those who were well nourished (p=0.003). Conclusion: Findings emphasise the magnitude of the malnutrition problem in ambulatory rehabilitation settings. Further research is required to evaluate the resource implications against expected benefits of providing nutrition interventions at this point.

Key Words: ambulatory rehabilitation, older, malnutrition, quality of life, appetite

 

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參加復健門診的成年人之營養狀況

目的：評估參與非臥床復健的老年人的整體營養狀況與其相關後果，包含身體功能及生活品質的相關性。設計：橫斷性研究。地點：在澳洲阿德雷德南區非臥床復健服務中心。研究對象：在2005年6月至2006年6月間總共納入229名參與者，包括中風者83位、矯形骨科手術者44位及其他醫療狀況102位。方法：營養狀況採用迷你營養評估(NMA)、簡易營養胃口問卷(SNAQ)及身體質量指數測量。採用修正的巴特爾指數(MBI)評估功能表現，採用Short Form-36(SF-36)測量生活品質。結果：根據MNA，有63%的參與者為營養不足或有營養不足的風險；根據SNAQ，在接下來的6個月，三分之一的人有體重減輕≥5%的危險性。經診斷非中風或矯形骨科手術的其他參與者，營養不足的風險較大，佔53%，而且住院日期也較長。有營養不足或有營養不足風險者與營養充足的參與者相比，在功能表現上沒有差異，但是營養充分者的SF-36心理面向分數顯著較高(p=0.003)。結論：本研究之發現強調了復健門診病人的營養不良問題之嚴重性。在提供營養介入之前，需要更進一步的研究去評估可能與預期益處相抵觸的因子。

關鍵字：復健門診、老人、營養失調、生活品質、胃口。

 

 

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Effects of social determinants on food choice and skipping meals among Turkish adolescents

MERAL TURK SOYER, ISIL ERGIN AND SAFAK TANER GURSOY

Purpose: To present data that contributes to understanding factors that influence food choice and skipping meals in adolescents. Methods: A cross sectional study is carried in selected high schools in Bornova. Study sample compromises of 527 students chosen randomly by class from a population of 2410 first year in high school students. Self-administered questionnaires containing sociodemographic determinants, self reported weight and height, food choices and meal patterns were used. Findings: A psychosocial factor that affects almost all of the students is the “taste and sensory perception of food”. The second noticable factor is the “health and nutritious value of food”. The time conserved and the convenience in the preparation of food is one of the lifestyle factors that affect more than half of the students. The cost of the food was also found to have an effect. Among the third group of factors categorized as “media”, the leading factor is advertisement, effective in one third of the students. Among boys and girls, there was no statistical difference in the type of meal skipped. Living in Izmir for more than 10 years compared to less than ten years, being in a nuclear family to extended family, and belonging to the “owner” social class to “wage laborer” class also do not statistically differ with regard to skipping meals. However, the mother’s and father’s education level and having a working mother are associated with skipping meals. Conclusions: These results provide important evidence to support opportunities to positively influence the adoption of healthful eating.

Key Words: Adolescent, food choice, skipping meals, meal pattern, social determinant

 

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土耳其青少年中社會因子對食物選擇及略餐的影響

目的：以收集的資料呈現影響青少年食物選擇及略餐的因子。方法：在Bornova選出幾間高中執行此橫斷性研究。從2410名一年級的高中學生中隨機選取537名為研究對象。自填式的問卷包含社會人口學變項、自述體重及身高、食物選擇及餐點模式。發現：“食物的味道及感官感覺”是影響幾乎所有學生選擇食物的首要精神社會因子。第二個顯著的因子是“食物的健康與營養價值”。準備食物節省的時間與便利性則是影響一半以上的學生的生活型態因子。食物的價格也具有影響。在第三組媒體因子中，廣告是首要的因素，影響三分之ㄧ的學生。在略餐不食的&