Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
       Volume 16, 4
         (December 2007)


Abstracts

Contents	Abstract	摘要
Obituary for Akira Okada (1938-2007) Mark L Wahlqvist Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):i.	PDF	PDF
Review Articles   A review of the evidence: nuts and body weight SHARON NATOLI AND PENELOPE MCCOY Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):588-587.	html	html
Original Articles   Nutritional Pathophysiology   The lactase gene -13910 T allele can not predict the lactase-persistence phenotype in north China HAI-MING SUN, YUAN-DONG QIAO, FENG CHEN, LI-DAN XU, JING BAI AND SONG-BIN FU Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):598-601.	html	html
Alterations of atherogenic low-density lipoproteins and serum fatty acids after 12 week moderate exercise training in sedentary Thai women RAVEENAN SITTIWICHEANWONG, TIPAYANATE ARIYAPITIPUN, SOMNUKE GULSATITPORN, VANIDA NOPPONPUNTH, MAHINDA ABEYWARDENA AND WINAI DAHLAN Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):602-608.	html	html
Effect of purple sweet potato leaves consumption on the modulation of the immune response in basketball players during the training period WEN-HSIN CHANG, CHIAO-MING CHEN, SHENE-PIN HU, NAI-WEN KAN, CHUN-CHIEH CHIU AND JEN-FANG LIU Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):609-615.	html	html
Macro- Micro- and Phyto-nutrients   Fruits and stir-fried vegetables increase plasma carotenoids in young adults YU-JU LIN, YI-WEN CHIEN, SHWU-HUEY YANG AND HSING-HSIEN CHENG Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):616-623.	html	html
Dietary plant sterols supplementation does not alter lipoprotein kinetics in men with the metabolic syndrome ESTHER MM OOI, GERALD F WATTS, P HUGH R BARRETT, DICK C CHAN, PETER M CLIFTON, JUYING JI AND PAUL J NESTEL Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):624-631.	html	html
Nutritional Status, Dietary Intake, and Body Composition   Desirable intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Indonesian adults ASIKIN HANAFIAH, DARWIN KARYADI, WIDJAJA LUKITO, MUHILAL AND FADILAH SUPARI Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):632-640.	html	html
Comparison of body compositional indices assessed by underwater weighing, bioelectrical impedance and anthropometry in Indonesian adolescent girls RATIH I ISJWARA, WIDJAJA LUKITO AND JAN WERNER SCHULTINK Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):641-648.	html	html
Percent body fat cutoff values for classifying overweight and obesity recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) in Korean children KAYOUNG LEE, SANGYEOUP LEE, SU YUNG KIM, SU JIN KIM AND YUN JIN KIM Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):649-655.	html	html
Population-specific anthropometric cut-points improve the functionality of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) in elderly Taiwanese ALAN CHUNG-HONG TSAI, CHING-SUNG HO AND MING-CHENG CHANG Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):656-662.	html	html
Body fatness, physical activity, and nutritional behaviours in Asian Indian immigrants to New Zealand GREGORY S KOLT, GRANT M SCHOFIELD, ELAINE C RUSH, MELODY OLIVER AND NARENDER K CHADHA Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):663-670.	html	html
Reduction of abdominal fat and chronic disease factors by lifestyle change in migrant Asian Indians older than 50 years ELAINE C RUSH, VISHNU CHANDU AND LINDSAY D PLANK Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):671-676.	html	html
Obesity and changes in body weight related to 10-year diabetes incidence in women in Taiwan (1993-2003) LEE-CHING HWANG, CHIEN-JEN CHEN AND BONIFACE J LIN Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):677-682.	html	html
Body weight and weight loss: are health messages reaching their target? LYNNETTE J RIDDELL AND VICTORIA INMAN Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):683-687.	html	html
Nutritionally-Related Disorders and Diseases and Their Risk factors   Assessment of risks of "lifestyle" diseases including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes by anthropometry in remote Australian Aborigines MICHAEL GRACEY, VALERIE BURKE, DAVID D MARTIN, ROBERT J JOHNSTON, TIMOTHY JONES AND ELIZABETH A DAVIS Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):688-697.	html	html
Determinants of plasma homocysteine levels and carotid intima-media thickness in Japanese NOBORU TAKAMURA, YASUYO ABE, MIO NAKAZATO, TAKAHIRO MAEDA, MITSUHIRO WADA, KENICHIRO NAKASHIMA, YOSUKE KUSANO AND KIYOSHI AOYAGI Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):698-703.	html	html
Growth and Child Nutrition   The relationship between maternal physical activity during pregnancy and birth weight PRATIBHA DWARKANATH, SUMITHRA MUTHAYYA, MARIO VAZ, TINKU THOMAS, ARUN MHASKAR, RITA MHASKAR, ANNAMMA THOMAS, SWARNAREKHA BHAT AND ANURA KURPAD Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):704-710.	html	html
Comparsions of a chicken-based formula with soy-based formula in infants with cow milk allergy PIPOP JIRAPINYO, NARUMON DENSUPSOONTORN, RENU WONGARN, NUCHNOI THAMONSIRI Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):711-715.	html	html
Anemia and intestinal parasite infection in school children in rural Vietnam HUONG THI LE, INGE D BROUWER, HANS VERHOEF, KHAN CONG NGUYEN, FRANS J KOK Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):716-723.	html	html
Serum iron status in Orang Asli children living in endemic areas of soil-transmitted helminths U NOR AINI, MS HESHAM AL-MEKHLAFI, M AZLIN, A SHAIK, A SA’IAH, MS FATMAH, MG ISMAIL, MS AHMAD FIRDAUS, MY AISAH, AR ROZLIDA AND M NORHAYATI Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):724-730.	html	html
Investigation of intelligence quotient and psychomotor development in schoolchilren in areas with different degrees of iodine deficiency ZHIFENG TANG, WANYANG LIU, HONGBO YIN, PING WANG, JING DONG, YI WANG AND JIE CHEN Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):731-737.	html	html
Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health   Food intake patterns among Australian adolescents GAYLE S SAVIGE, KYLIE BALL, ANTHONY WORSLEY, DAVID CRAWFORD Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):738-747.	html	html
Adolescent home food environments and socioeconomic position ABBIE MACFARLANE, DAVID CRAWFORD, KYLIE BALL, GAYLE SAVIGE AND ANTHONY WORSLEY Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):748-756.	html	html
Associations between dietary habits and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a Hong Kong Chinese working population- the "Better Health for Better Hong Kong" (BHBHK) health promotion campaign GARY TC KO, JULIANA CN CHAN, SPENCER DY TONG, AMY WY CHAN, PATRICK TS WONG, STANLEY SC HUI, RUBY KWOK AND CECILIA LW CHAN Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):757-765.	html	html
Meal distribution, relative validity and reproducibility of a meal-based food frequency questionnaire in Taiwan LI-CHING LYU, CHI-FEN LIN, FANG-HSIN CHANG, HENG-FEI CHEN, CHIAO-CHEN LO AND HONG-FA HO Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):766-776.	html	html
Book Review   The Hundred Year Lie: How food and medicine are destroying your health by Randall Fitzgerald Mark L Wahlqvist Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):777.   Essentials of human nutrition (Third edition 2007) nu Jim Mann & Stewart Truswll Mark L Wahlqvist Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):777.   Nutritional Anemia by Klaus Kraemer and Michael B Zimmermann & The Guidebook: Nutritional Anemia by Jane Badham, Michael Bzimmermann and Klaus Kraemer Mark L Wahlqvist Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):778.   Future Events Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(4):779.	PDF	PDF

 

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A review of the evidence: nuts and body weight

SHARON NATOLI AND PENELOPE MCCOY

There is currently no single dietary or lifestyle intervention that is effective in long-term weight loss. Traditional weight loss diets tend to be low in total fat and therefore often restrict nut consumption. However, nuts are an important source of many vitamins, minerals, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. This paper reviewed all the available evidence from the literature in relation to nut consumption and body weight. The findings show that the role of nut consumption in body weight management is varied. Nuts, when included as part of an energy-controlled diet, were found in some instances to assist with weight loss. However, when nuts were added to an existing diet without controlling for energy intake, body weight increased, although to a lesser extent than theoretically predicted.  There is limited evidence on the effect nut consumption has on type 2 diabetes, although available evidence indicates that nuts as part of a healthy diet do not cause weight gain and can have a positive influence on the fatty acid profile of a person with diabetes. This review shows there is a lack of evidence to support the restriction of nut consumption in weight management, indicating that further research is needed to assess the role of nuts in weight management.

Key Words: nuts, body weight, body mass index, weight loss, diabetes mellitus, Type 2

 

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實證綜論：堅果與體重

目前並沒有單一飲食或生活型態介入對長期減重有效。傳統減重飲食傾向降低總脂肪，因此經常限制堅果的攝取。然而，堅果是多種維生素、礦物質、單元不飽和脂肪酸以及多元不飽和脂肪酸的重要來源。本文查證目前所有關於堅果攝取與體重的文獻，結果發現堅果攝取在體重控制的角色差異極大。當將堅果納為熱量控制飲食的一部份的時候，有些例子指出有助於減輕體重。但若將堅果加進去目前的飲食，而不控制熱量攝取量，則會增加體重，儘管增加的重量較預期的少。堅果攝取對第二型糖尿病的影響的證據並不太多，有限的證據指出，對糖尿病人而言，堅果是健康飲食的一部份，不會增加體重，且對糖尿病患者的脂肪酸形態有正向影響。本綜論指出並沒有證據可以支持體重管理需要限制堅果攝取，還需要更進一步的研究堅果在體重管理的角色。

關鍵字：堅果、體重、身體質量指數、減重、糖尿病、第二型。

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The lactase gene -13910 T allele can not predict the lactase-persistence phenotype in north China

HAI-MING SUN, YUAN-DONG QIAO, FENG CHEN, LI-DAN XU, JING BAI AND SONG-BIN FU

The frequency of lactase persistence varies widely in human populations. Study showed that the T allele of a C/T transition 13910bp upstream from exon 1 of lactase gene (LCT) was completely associated with lactase persistence in a Finnish population. To evaluate if the frequency of -13910T allele was in concordance with the lactase persistence in northern Chinese populations, in this study, we used Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to detect the lactase -13910T allelic frequency in 5 northern    Chinese populations for the first time. Results showed that the T allele frequency was low in these populations and that it did not match the lactase persistence phenotype in these populations. Therefore the -13910T allelic frequency can not serve as a predictor of the lactase persistence in these populations and this suggests the existence of other possible mechanisms of lactose tolerance in Chinese populations.

Key Words: lactase, lactose intolerance, China, population, polymorphism, single nucleotide

 

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乳糖酶基因-13910T等位基因無法預測中国北方人的乳糖耐受

乳糖耐受在不同人群中频率差异很大，有研究表明乳糖酶基因（LCT）第一外显子上游13910bp处的C/T转换与芬兰人群的乳糖耐受表型完全相关。为了分析-13910T等位基因是否与中国北方人群的乳糖耐受表型相关，我们应用聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性的方法对中国北方5个少数民族的-13910T等位基因频率进行了检测。结果显示在这些民族中，T等位基因频率很低，而且与乳糖耐受表型频率并不一致。因此，-13910T等位基因频率并不能反映这些民族的乳糖耐受表型，进而暗示在中国人群中存在着其他可能的乳糖耐受机制。

關鍵字：乳糖酶、乳糖耐受、中国、民族、单核苷酸多态性。

 

 

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Alterations of atherogenic low-density lipoproteins and serum fatty acids after 12 week moderate exercise training in sedentary Thai women

RAVEENAN SITTIWICHEANWONG, TIPAYANATE ARIYAPITIPUN, SOMNUKE GULSATITPORN, VANIDA NOPPONPUNTH, MAHINDA ABEYWARDENA AND WINAI DAHLAN

The potential benefit of aerobic exercise upon cardiovascular disease (CVD) through an increasing high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) is acknowledged. However, its effects on low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and their subpopulations, are unknown in Thailand. Twenty sedentary Thai women undertook a 12-week exercise training program (60% heart rate reserve) comprising 25-minute cycling followed by 10-minute warm-up/cool-down 3 times a week with a group of 20 matched sedentary subjects as control. Triacylglycerols (TGs) and cholesterol (C) of plasma lipoproteins including triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), large, buoyant LDL (lb-LDL), small, dense LDL (sd-LDL) and HDLs were analyzed while serum fatty acid profiles were also assessed. It was found that plasma TGs, TRL-TGs, sd-LDL-C and sd-LDL-C/lb-LDL-C (S/L) ratio decreased significantly after 12-weeks of exercise to -9%, -8%, -17% and -19% respectively from baseline (p<0.05). Serum fatty acid profiles remained unchanged. No alteration of any parameters was found in the control group without exercise. These findings suggest that moderate exercise training, even without a change of HDLs, impedes the shift of lb-LDL to more atherogenic sd-LDL, thus possibly preventing cardiovascular disease in healthy, sedentary Thai women.

Key Words: small dense low-density lipoprotein, moderate exercise, sedentary women, cardiovascular disease,  serum fatty acid

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泰國久坐型態女性12星期中度運動訓練後致動脈粥化低密度脂蛋白和血清脂肪酸之變化

 有氧運動在心血管疾病(CVD)的潛在益處，被認為是透過增加高密度脂蛋白(HDLs)。然而，運動對低密度脂蛋白(LDLs)及其亞群的影響在泰國仍不清楚的。20位久坐型態的泰國女性接受12週的運動訓練計畫(保留60%心跳)，包括每週3次，每次10分鐘暖身緩和運動，接著騎25分鐘腳踏車，另有20位久坐型態配對婦女為控制組。分析血漿脂蛋白中三酸甘油酯(TGs)和膽固醇(C)包括富含三酸甘油脂的脂蛋白(TRLs)、大且有浮力的LDL(lb-LDL)、小且稠密的LDL(sb-LDL)和HDL，及血清脂肪酸組成。在12週運動後，發現血漿中TGs、TRL-TGs、sd-LDL-C 和sd-LDL-C/lb-LDL-C (S/L)比率比一開始時顯著下降，分別為-9%, -8%, -17% 和-19%(p<0.05)；血清脂肪酸沒有改變。沒有運動的控制組中沒有任何數據的改變。這些結果顯示中度運動，即使HDL沒有改變，仍能阻止lb-LDL轉換成更多能致動脈粥化的sd-LDL，因此可能可以預防健康及久坐型態的泰國女性的心血管疾病。

關鍵字：小且稠密低密度脂蛋白、中度運動、靜態活動婦女、心血管疾病、血清脂肪酸。

 

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Effect of purple sweet potato leaves consumption on the modulation of the immune response in basketball players during the training period

WEN-HSIN CHANG, CHIAO-MING CHEN, SHENE-PIN HU, NAI-WEN KAN, CHUN-CHIEH CHIU AND JEN-FANG LIU

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the consumption of purple sweet potato leaves (PSPLs) on the immune response and the modulation of that response in 15 basketball players during a training period. They completed the 7-week study consisted of a run-in period (week 1), a PSPLs diet (200 g PSPLs/d; weeks 2, 3), a washout period (weeks 4, 5), and a control diet (low polyphenols content and carotenoid content adjusted to the same level as that of PSPLs diet; weeks 6 and 7). Blood, urine, and saliva samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The results showed that the plasma polyphenols concentration increased significantly in the PSPLs period. Compared with the control period, the PSPLs consumption produced a significant increase in the proliferation responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), cytotoxic activity of nature killer (NK) cells, and secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ. However, no significant increase in the secretion of salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA), interleukin (IL)-2, or interleukin-4 was observed after PSPLs consumption. In conclusion, consumption of a PSPLs diet for 2 weeks can modulate the immune response of basketball players during a training period.

Key Words: purple sweet potato leaves, polyphenols, basketball, training, immune response

 

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